Airless tires are tires that achieve shock absorption and cushioning without relying on air pressure. Pneumatic tires use rubber to seal pressurized air. When air is compressed, the air molecules collide more violently with the container walls, causing the air pressure to rise and creating macroscopic elasticity. The superior cushioning performance and low rolling resistance of pneumatic tires remain unmatched by any other type of tire to date.
Airless tires, on the other hand, do not require inflation. They achieve support and cushioning solely through the tire's own materials and structure. Solid rubber tires have been manufactured for over a century. Their main characteristics are high weight, poor elasticity, high rolling resistance, and high load capacity. They are suitable for vehicles with slow speeds and heavy load requirements. Open-structure tires are made from polyurethane materials and utilize an open structure and interlaced tubular three-dimensional shock absorption. Their advantages include an attractive appearance and light weight; disadvantages include low-speed operation and poor high-temperature resistance.